Hydrocarbon-burner.



No. 755,717. 'PUBMED-m3471904.

A. J. sMITHsQN. HYDROGARBON BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 1I 190:2.

ummm@ w Hmm Q PATENTBD MAB.. 29, 1904.

A. J. SMITHSON.

HYDROGARBON BURNER.

APPLIGATON FILED DEO. 1, 1902.

a sums-44mm' a.

N0 MODEL.

was S65 i UNITED YSTATES Fatented March Q9, 19ll.

PATENT OFFICE.

HYDROCARBON-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 755,717, dated March 29, 1904.

.Application led December l, 1902. Serial No. 133,508. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern.-

' Beit known that I, ALEXANDER J. SMITHsoN, acitizen of the United States, residing at Portland, Multnomah county, Oregon, have invented a new and useful Hydrocarbon-Burner, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings as a part thereof.

My invention relates generally to heating apparatus operated with fuel oils; and it has for its object the production of a hydrocarbon-burner of simple construction, possessing certain new and useful features which render'the same capable of efficient use for all heating purposes, the plan of construction of my apparatus rendering the same equally serviceable for the family kitchen or for heating large boilers. Said features of my invention are herein fully described.

In the drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section of my smaller-sized burner. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the same. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of a larger-sized burner. Fig. 4L is a plan of the latter; and Fig. 5 is a detail of the means provided for keepingthe gas-vent clean.V

The letters designate the parts referred to.

As shown in Fig. 1, my hydrocarbonburner consists of a pan a, provided with peripheral vertical standards b, supporting the lower generator c. Such generator may be made of cast-iron and is preferably of the shape shown. It has a central gas and iiame opening O2. In one end of the said generator enters a pipe t', having a ven/t t, and the end of such pipe is closed by a cap 2. The gasproducing capacity of my burner being considerable, I preferably make the vent "of larger size' than usual. Such vent may be made of a diameter of one-tenth of an inch. I also provide means for keeping such vent well opened. Such means are illustrated more particularly in Fig.` 5, and consist of a rod p, rotatably supported on the exterior of the pipe c' by means of a pair of collars, like 0, on one end of which rod p is a curved needle 7', adapted to enter the vent c" upon turning the rod p'by the handle q. Opposite to the pipe c' a pipe t enters the generator o, such pipe extending upward and entering and also and supporting the primary deiiector f, the

lower end of the stem f2 being inserted in a threaded boss f. Resting on top of the gen-` erator c is a secondary deiiector d, consisting of a concaved plate having a central opening through which the top of the lower generator projects, as shown.

j vThe functions of the primary and of the auxiliary or secondary deflectors will appear in the description of the operation of my burner. Such operation is as follows: Supposing the burner to be used for burning refined oils, by opening the valve (not shown) controlling the inlet of oil from the reservoir through the supply-pipe g a small portion of oil is allowed to flow through the apparatus f and into the pan aand is there ignited to heat up the generator o. As soon as the gasifying temperature has been reached oil may be allowed to enter the apparatus through the supply-pipe'g in limited quantity at first, of course, and more after the apparatus has been suificiently heated to perform its full capacity of work. The iiame produced by the jet of gas issuing from the vent z" impinges upon the primary deflector f and is thrown back upon the secondary deiiector d. The effect so obtained is to allow the unconsumed combustible gases to expand and become thoroughly intermixed with atmospheric air, and thus be rendered in a condition most favorable to complete combustion. At the same time the flame is spread and enlarged. Soon I f after the gasifying work of the lower gener-Wig.. ator has commenced the upper generator e will also become heated to the gasifying temperature, and after this it will become the principal gas-generator. Whatever liquid oil there may be at any time in the upper generator will collect on the bottom thereof below the mouth of the pipe L, and after the gas-generating process has once become well started only gas will be admitted into the pipe /t from the generator c. To completely convert into gas any oil-vapors that may enter the pipe /a is now the particular function otl the lower generator c. Consequently all the gas which issues from the lower generator c into the pipe fz' is absolutely dry. is heated to a high temperature, and is highly inflammable.

Another advantage obtained by the described arrangement and combination or' devices is that a larger volume of oil may be heated, and thus a much larger volume of gas produced. Furthermore, the arrangement of the combined devices as a whole is in compact forni, taking up no more space than the common hydrocarbon-burners.

To obtain a larger-flamed burner suitable for heating' large boilers, I combine two or more upper generators with a lower generator, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4. The arrangement of the lower part of the burner is the same as in my small-sized burner, consisting of a pan a, provided with standards 7), supporting the lower generator c, in which enters a gas-pipe z', having vent fz." and provided with my described vent-cleaner. On top of the generator c rests the secondary deflector d. The arrangement of the upper part of this generator is readily understood from the plan Fig. 4. A pipe extends from the lower generator c and has branches /LS 7a2 it entering the upper generators jj. The latter are rigidly connected by a bridge s. Said bridge has a threaded central aperture in which is inserted a short stem f2, holding' the primary deicctor f. Opposite to the pipe branches L there enter into the upper generators the branches g2 g3 of the oil-supply pipe g', which is supposed to be connected with the oil-reservoir, as usual.

The number of superimposed generators jj may be increased to three and four in order to produce a large volume of gas. Whatever number of upper generators be employed, their disposition must in each instance be substantially as shown in Figs. 3 and gthat is to say, the lower generator, the primary deflector f, and the secondary deector l must each be centrally disposed with respect to the group of upper generators. Furthermore, the upper generators must be simultaneously supplied with oil from the reservoir and each upper generator must discharge into the lower generator.

In connection with my larger burners there may be used a jet of crude oil, supplied through a pipe 1, and a jet of compressed air or steam, supplied through a pipe Z, the nozzles c' Z of said pipes discharging within the name-opening c2 of the lower generator. Aforced draft of steam or air may also be used alone in connection with my burner. be used entirely in my burner, but in that case the burner will have to be heated up or Crude oil may also.

started by refined oil or other readily-infiammable liquid poured into the pan a.

The air-space between the dciector f and the upper generator or generators is ygenerally sufficient to protect the latter against being overheated by the former. If preferred, however, a packing of asbestos may be introduced between said parts.

The deiector Z protectsA the lower generator against being overheated; but a packing of asbestos may also be here introduced.

Thepipe t' ot' my larger burners is necessarily provided with a large vent, so as to alow a sufficient escape to the large volume of gas produced. There is no danger of oil being discharged through such large gas-vent, be-

'cause the increased heating-surfaces ofthe generators insures that all oil will be completely vaporized before reaching the vent.

To strengthen the generators jj", they are cast with central supports n.

m represents plugs to facilitate removal of sand core.

The large volume of gas which I obtain by the combination of lower and upper generators associated with the action of the open deflectors f and d causes the apparatus to be clean in its action. It does not become clogged, and whatever soot may be temporarily deposited on the deflectors is soon removed by the blast of ame produced when the burner is acting normally.

What I claim isl. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination of a lower generator having a central vertical ame-opening 02,' a superimposed generator; a pipe connected between the upper generator and the lower generator; an oil-supply pipe entering the upper generator; a discharge-pipe leading from and underneath the lower generator, and having a gas-vent discharging through the said central flame-opening of the latter; a primary convexed deflector under the upper generator and centrally positioned over said flame-opening, and a secondary convexed defiector on the lower generator of larger diameter than the primary deector, substantially as described.

2. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination of a lower generator having acentral vertical iame-opening c2; a group of superimposed generators; a pipe connection between the group of upper generators and the lower generator; an oil-supply pipe entering the group of upper generators, a discharge-pipe leading from and underneath the lower generator, and having a gas-vent discharging through the said central flame-opening of the latter; a primary conveXed deector under the group of upper generators and centrally positioned over said fiame-opening; and a secondary convexed deiector on the lower generator of larger diameter than the primary de- Hector, substantially as described.

3. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combina- IOO tion of a lower generator having a central name-opening c2, and a superimposed generator, each of said generators comprising a crowning bottom and top; a pipe connection between the upper generator and the lower generator; an oil-supply pipe entering the upper generator; a discharge-pipe leading from and underneath the lower generator, and having a gas-vent discharging through said flameopening of the latter; a primary conveXed delector under the upper generator and centrally positioned over said ame-opening, and a secondary conveXed deflector on the lower generator of larger diameter than the primary deiiector, substantially as described.

4. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination of a lower generator having a central flame-opening c2, and a group of superimposed generators, each of said generators comprising a crowning bottom and top; a pipe connection between the group of upper generators and the lower generator; an oil-supply pipe entering the group of upper generators, adischargepipe leading from and underneath the lower generator, and having a gas-vent discharging through the said ame-opening of the latter; a primary convexed detlector under the group of upper generators; and a secondaryT conveXed deector on the lower generator of larger diameter` than the primary deflector, substantially as described.

5. A hydrocarbon-burner comprising a pan, a lower generator supported centrally over such pan, and having a central flame-opening c2; a superimposed generator; a pipe connection between the upper generator and the lower generator; an oil-supply pipe entering the upper generator; a discharge-pipe leading from and underneath the lower generator, and having a gas-vent discharging through the said flame-opening of the latter; a primary deector conveXed under the upper generator and centrally positioned over said ame-opening and a secondary conveXed deector on the lower generator of larger diameter than.' the primary deflector, substantially as described.

6. A hydrocarbon-burner comprising apan; a lower generator supported over such pan, and having a central flame-opening c2; a group of superimposed generators; a pipe connection between the group of upper generators and the lower generator; an oil-supply pipe entering the group of upper generators; a dischargepipe leading from and underneath said-lower generator, and having a gas-vent discharging through said flame-opening of the latter; a primary conveXed deector under the group of upper generators and centrally positioned over said ame-opening; and a secondary deilector on the lower generator, substantially as described. v

Intestimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

ALEXANDER J SMITHSON. 

